Indawo yokunyanga umzimba

I-Gymnocalycium yi-cacti ehlala ijongeka intle kumhlaba othambekileyo. Zizityalo ezincinci ezinqabileyo ukuba zigqithe iisentimitha ezilishumi ngobubanzi kwaye amashumi amabini ukuphakama, ke kulula kakhulu ukuba zibukelwe kwaye zikhathalelwe kakuhle.

Kukho iindidi ezingama-70, uninzi lwazo zilula ukufumana into ngokungathandabuzekiyo eya kukonwabisa, kuba iintyatyambo ezizivelisayo zezona zintle kuzo zonke ii-cacti.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zeGymnocalycium

Ezi zii-cacti ezifumaneka ikakhulu kumbindi nakumantla eArgentina, nangona zikhula kwezinye iindawo ezinje ngeBolivia, iUruguay okanye iBrazil. Banesiqu somhlaba, maxa wambi icwecwe xa besebancinci, kodwa njengoko bekhula bafumana ukuphakama kodwa ngaphandle kokuba yikholamu.

Zineembambo ezininzi ezityebileyo, zihlala zihlala emhlophe apho izihluma kunye neentyatyambo zihluma khona, kunye nehlumelo ukuba lomoshakele okanye ngaba luhlobo oluvelisa iisucker. Iintsiba zeentlobo ezimbini: i-radial, ezo zinobude obufutshane, kunye nombindi. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe okanye zipinki, kwaye zihluma ngaphezulu kwecactus.

Iindidi zeGymnocalycium okanye iintlobo

Njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni, malunga neesixhenxe zeentlobo zeGymnocalycium. Ezinye ziyaziwa kakuhle, njenge Imithambo yegymnocalycium mihanovichii okanye I-Gymnocalycium baldianum, kodwa kukho ezinye, ngokuchaseneyo, azinjalo.

I-Gymnocalycium baldianum

El I-Gymnocalycium baldianum Icactus ekhula eArgentina. Inomzimba oluhlaza okwe globose, othi Imilinganiselo yeesentimitha ezili-10 ukuphakama ngeesentimitha ezi-7 ubukhulu ubuninzi. Iimbambo zayo zahlulwe zangama-tubercles, kunye ne-5 ukuya kwi-7 ye-radial spines spins evela kubo. Iintyatyambo zibomvu-bupinki.

I-Gymnocalycium bruchii

El I-Gymnocalycium bruchii Yicactus encinci, ethi imilinganiselo malunga neesentimitha ezi-5 ukuphakama ngeesentimitha ezi-3 ububanzi. Inzalelwa eArgentina, kwaye ithande ukwenza iikholoni ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezili-10 ububanzi. Iimbambo zazo azichazwanga kakuhle njengakwezinye iintlobo zohlobo, kodwa zivela kwii-areolas ezinamahlwili amhlophe atyheli-mhlophe. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe-pinki.

I-Gymnocalycium damsii

El I-Gymnocalycium damsii Yicactus ekhula eBolivia, eParaguay naseBrazil. Ifikelela kubude obuziisentimitha ezili-10, kwaye ilinganisa phakathi kweesentimitha ezisibhozo nezisi-8 ububanzi. Umzimba wayo uyi-globose, luhlaza bumdaka ngombala, kwaye ineentambo ze-radial ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12 yeemilimitha. Iintyatyambo zibonakala phezulu, kwaye zipinki.

I-Gymnocalycium horstii

El I-Gymnocalycium horstii Luhlobo olukhanyayo oluhlaza olukhanyayo kunye neembambo ze-tuberculate ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-6 kuphela. Inemvelaphi yaseBrazil, kwaye Imilinganiselo malunga neesentimitha ezili-12 ububanzi ngeesentimitha ezi-5-6 ukuphakama. Ukusuka kwii-areolas zayo kuphuma kwi-5 ukuya kwi-6 iimbambo zeradial, umbala omthubi ngombala kunye nobude beesentimitha ezi-4. Iintyatyambo zipinki, nangona kwiindidi ze-buenekeri zinokubomvu.

Imithambo yegymnocalycium mihanovichii

El Imithambo yegymnocalycium mihanovichii Sisidalwa esivela eParaguay naseArgentina esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye sithengiswe similiselwe. Inesiqu esingqukuva, nesimfusa-luhlaza ukuya kobomvu-luhlaza, eneembambo ezisibhozo ezimxinwa. Ukuphakama kwayo ziisentimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7 ubude ngeesentimitha ezili-10-15 ubukhulu. Iintsiba ziyaguquguquka, zingwevu zityheli ngombala, kwaye iintyatyambo ziluhlaza, tyheli-mhlophe okanye pinki.

I-Gymnocalycium pflanzii

El I-Gymnocalycium pflanzii yindawo ehlala kuyo i-cactus eBolivia naseArgentina. Inesiqu se-globose, esinobude obufikelela kwiisentimitha ezili-10 kunye nobubanzi obuyi-15-20 yeesentimitha ubuninzi. Imiqolo mide kakhulu kwaye intle, ukulinganisa malunga neesentimitha ezi-2-3. Ewe, enyanisweni, yenye yezona zinkulu, kwaye ikwangomnye weyona mininzi mide. Iyadubula ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe phezulu.

I-Gymnocalycium saglionis

El I-Gymnocalycium saglionis ixhaphakile eArgentina. Ifikelela kubude obungama-20 ukuya kuma-30 eesentimitha, kunye nobubanzi obungu-20 ukuya kuma-40 eesentimitha. Kwizihlandlo ezinqabileyo inokukhula ngakumbi, ukuya kuthi ga kwiisentimitha ezingama-80 ukuphakama ngeesentimitha ezingama-50 ubukhulu, kodwa ekulimeni kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ihlale incinci. Iintsiba zivela kwii-areole ezincinci kakhulu, kwaye zimthubi bumdaka ngombala. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe okanye zipinki.

Luluphi unonophelo ekufuneka lubonelelwe kubo?

Ukunyamekela ezi cacti kulula. Zizityalo ezithi, zincinci, ukuba zinengxaki, zibhaqwe ngokukhawuleza. Ke masibone ukuba kufuneka bakhathalelwe kwaye bagcinwe njani:

Ubicación

Uzibeka phi? Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka babe ngaphandle, kuba kuphela kwendlela abafumana ngayo ilanga ngqo. Kodwa oku akuyi kuhlala kunjalo.

Ukuba siyithengile iGymnocalycium kwindawo yokugcina abantwana apho babenayo emthunzini, okanye ukuba ithe yamiliselwa, kuya kufuneka siyibeke kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yenkosi yeenkwenkwezi. Ukuba asiyenzi, iyakutshisa.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Kuya kufuneka uyigcwalise ngomxube wee-substrates ezikwaziyo ukukhupha amanzi. Kuya kufuneka ke ngoko ibe kukukhanya, kwaye kufuneka ivumele umoya ukuba ujikeleze kakuhle phakathi kwemingxunya yayo. Ngesi sizathu, sikucebisa ukuba uxube ipumice kunye ne-30% ye-substrate yendalo yonke okanye ipeat emnyama.
• Jadini: indlela elungileyo yokukhulisa iya kuba kukutyala kuyo, umzekelo, irockery kunye nezinye iziselo. Ewe kunjalo, umhlaba kufuneka ufunxe amanzi ngokukhawuleza, kuba ukuba ulwelo oluxabisekileyo luhlala lumi ixesha elide, iingcambu ziya kubola.

Unkcenkceshelo

Ehlotyeni, ngokuhambelana nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kwaye, mhlawumbi, kunye nembalela ukuba sihlala kwindawo apho kuhlala kukho, siza kusela phantse kabini ngeveki. Kodwa ukusukela ekuphumeni konyaka umhlaba awomi ngokukhawuleza, emva koko sinokugalela amanzi kuwo kanye ngenyanga okanye inyanga enesiqingatha.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, xa siyiphinda siyifumane, kufuneka songeze amanzi de umhlaba wonke ube ufakwe kakuhle. Kwimeko yokuba sinayo embizeni, ukuba sibeka ipleyiti phantsi kwayo siza kuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala ingenanto, kungenjalo iingcambu ziya kuhlala zinxibelelana nolwelo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, zinokubola.

Umbhalisi

Kuyo yonke intwasahlobo kunye nasehlotyeni Siza kuyibhatala ngesichumisi kwi-cactus (iyathengiswa apha). Siza kulandela imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa ukuze kungabikho ngxaki kwaye isityalo sinokulunga.

Ukuphindaphinda

I-Gymnocalycium iphindaphindeka ngembewu, iiswidi kunye nokufakelwa ngexesha lentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.

• ImbewuKuyacetyiswa ukuba uzihlwayele kwiitreyi zobude obuphantsi kwaye zinemingxunya ethile kwisiseko, nge icactus umhlaba unkcenkceshele ngaphambili. Siza kuwagubungela ngomhlaba omncinci kakhulu, emva koko sibeke le bhedi yembewu ngaphakathi kwitreyi enkulu ngaphandle kwemingxunya. Kwindawo yokugqibela kulapho kufuneka sigalele amanzi ngalo lonke ixesha sisela. Emva koko siya nayo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo elangeni kodwa ngokucacileyo okukhulu, kwaye kunjalo. Ziza kuhluma malunga neentsuku ezingama-5-7 ukuba ziyimbewu entsha.
• Umncinci: ukuba uhlobo olukhulisayo luyazivelisa, ungazahlula kwisityalo sikamama nje ukuba sibe malunga neesentimitha eziyi-1-2 ubude. Ewe kunjalo, emva koko isilonda masome iintsuku ezimbalwa, emva koko uzityale kwiimbiza ezinepumice (ziyathengiswa apha) okanye efanayo, kwisithunzi semi.
• Imisebenzi yobugcisa: Iigrafti zegymnocalycium zihlala zenziwa njengengcambu ethile IHylocereus. Inxalenye ephezulu yesiqu iyanqunyulwa ukusuka kwelokugqibela, emva koko i-Gymnocalycium iyanqunyulwa kwisiqingatha esisezantsi okanye i-sucker yesayizi ethile yahlulwe kwisityalo esingunina. Emva koko, incanyathiselwe ngeetheyiphu zokwenza iigrafti kwaye igcinwe ngaphandle elangeni.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

Ngokwesiqhelo abadli ngokubaluleka. Mealybugs y ntwala zizitshabalalisi esiya kuthi ngamanye amaxesha sizibone, ngakumbi ukuba imeko-bume ishushu kakhulu kwaye yomile; kwaye malunga nezifo, i-phytophthora iya kuba yintsholongwane enokuthi ibonakale ukuba iyankcenkceshelwa kakhulu kwaye / okanye ukuba ukufuma kwendalo kuphezulu kakhulu kwaye iingcambu zikhula kumhlaba odibeneyo.

Ezokuqala zisuswe nokuba zizandla, okanye ngebrashi egalelwe emanzini kunye nesepha engathathi hlangothi. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba unyange nge-diatomaceous earth, kuba iyisisinambuzane sendalo esisebenza ngokukhawuleza. Ngokubhekisele kokugqibela, siza kubaphatha nge-fungicides yenkqubo, kwaye siyakunqumamisa ukunkcenkceshela. Ukuba zithambile, kunokuba yimfuneko ukusika amazinyo kwaye ugqume inxeba ngophilisi.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

I-Gymnocalycium engafakwanga imelana nokubanda, kunye neqabaka ezibuthathaka ezantsi ukuya -3ºC. Kodwa iigrafti ziyabanda kakhulu, kangangokuba akufuneki zishiywe ngaphandle ukuba ithemometha yehla ngezantsi kweedigri eziyi-0.

Luthini uluvo lwakho ngezi cacti?