I-Immortelle (iSempervivum)

Las uhlala ephila Zizinye zezona zityalo zilula kakhulu ezingenzi-cacti emhlabeni okanye ezinencasa emhlabeni. Bayayichasa imbalela, amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-zero, ubushushu (nangona ngaphandle kokufikelela kugqithiso), kwaye baphindaphindeka ngokulula nangokukhawuleza.

Kodwa ngaba uyazi ukuba zivela phi? Ukuba ufuna ukusondela kwihlabathi labo, kwaye ufunde ukuzihlakulela ngcono, emva koko siza kuthetha ngobude ngabo 🙂.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Zizityalo ezingezizo ezomileyo, okanye izityalo ezimfutshane, ezimnandi okanye ezimnandi, ezikwisigaba Sempervivum esivela eSpain (iintaba zeIberia Peninsula kunye neCanary Islands), iCarpathians, iTurkey, iArmenia kunye neCaucasus. Benza ii-rosettes zamagqabi e-monocarpic, oko kukuthi, emva kokuba ziqhakazile ziyafa, zishiya ii-suckers ezintsha ezihluma kwiingcambu zazo.

Zikhula ziye kubude obude obungaphantsi kweenyawo; Nangona kunjalo, banokuhlala kwindawo enkulu kakhulu, edlula iisentimitha ezingamashumi amahlanu ukuba bavunyelwe ukukhula ngokukhululekileyo.

Iintlobo eziphambili

Uhlobo lwenziwe malunga neentlobo ezingama-XNUMX, ezi zilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu:

ISempervivum tectorum

Inzalelwane emantla eIberia. Ikhula ukuya kubude beesentimitha ezingama-50 nge-15-30cm ububanzi. Amagqabi aluhlaza, kunye neengcebiso ze-purplish. Iintyatyambo ezipinki okanye ezibomvu zivela kwisiqu eside esima-30-50cm ubude ehlotyeni.

ISempervivum montanum

Inzalelwane kwiiPyrenees, Alps, Carpathians naseCorsica. Ikhula ukuya kwiisentimitha ezingama-20 ubude nge-20-40cm ububanzi, Ukwenza amagqabi aluhlaza angacacanga. Iintyatyambo zayo ezibomvu-bomvu zivela kwisiqu esine-15-20cm ubude ehlotyeni.

ISempervivum arachnoideum

Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-cobweb evergreen, iyinzalelwane yeeAlps kunye neeCarpathians. Ikhula ukuya kwi-10-15cm ubude, malunga ne-35cm ububanzi. Amagqabi aluhlaza, kwaye kwicala ngalinye kubonakala ngathi avelisa "iinwele" ezintle ezimhlophe ezifana newebhu ezenziwe zizigcawu. Ehlotyeni iintyatyambo ezibomvu ziyadubula ukusuka kwisiqu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15cm ubude.

ISempervivum calcareum

Yinzalelwane yeeAlps, kwaye ikhula ifike kwiisentimitha ezingama-20 ubude nge-30cm ububanzi. Amagqabi aluhlaza, kunye neengcebiso ezibomvu ezibomvu. Iyafana kakhulu ne S. itectorum, kodwa oku kukhula kuphela kwiiAlps, ubukhulu bayo buncinci kwaye umbala weengcebiso uphawulwe ngakumbi.

Yintoni ukhathalelo lokungafi?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi (okanye ezimbalwa kwaye wenze iingoma zintle njengale ikumfanekiso ongentla), nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa:

Ubicación

Zizityalo ekufuneka zibengaphandle, kodwa phi kanye kanye? Ewe, ixhomekeke kakhulu kwimozulu:

• Kushushu-kubandaUkuba uhlala kwindawo eneqabaka kwaye apho amaqondo obushushu ehlotyeni emnene, unokuba nawo elangeni ngqo.
• Iqondo lobushushu elifudumeleyo / elifudumeleyoUkuba uhlala kwindawo apho ubushushu buphakathi ngaphandle kwehlobo xa buphezulu, kungcono ukubabeka emthunzini.

Unkcenkceshelo

Njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni, bayanyamezela kakhulu kwimbalela, kodwa kubo ukuba bakhule kakuhle kwaye basempilweni, ayicetyiswa into yokuba bangabinamanzi iiveki. Ngapha koko, ndinokuxelela ukuba mna, ndihlala kwiMeditera enamaqondo obushushu afikelela kuma-38ºC phakathi ehlotyeni, apho imbalela ithatha iinyanga, ukuba andikhange ndibanisele amaxesha ama-1-2 ngeveki kwelona xesha lishushu qho ngeentsuku ezili-10 ukuya ku-15 kulo lonke unyaka, ndiyaphulukana nazo.

Kwaye kukuba ukunyanzelwa apha kuphezulu kakhulu, kangangokuba kwenza ukuba i-substrate yome ngokukhawuleza, phantse ubusuku bonke. Ngesi sizathu, ukuba imozulu onayo kwindawo yakho iyafana, kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele amaxesha ngamaxesha.

Ewe kunjalo, ukuba ngokuchaseneyo ihlala ithanda ukuna imvula, khupha isithuba ngaphandle kokunkcenkceshela, kuba ukunkcenkceshela kancinane akulunganga njengokunkcenkceshela kakhulu. Ukuba uyathandabuza, jonga ukufuma komhlaba, umzekelo ngokulinganisa imbiza xa unkcenkceshelwe kwaye kwakhona emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, okanye ngentonga ebhityileyo (ukuba iphuma nomhlaba omninzi wokubambelela xa ususa , ungankcenkcesheli).

Umbhalisi

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyihlawule ngezichumiso zendalo, ezinje ngeguano. Kodwa ukuba unayo kuphela njengesityalo sokuhombisa, sebenzisa izichumiso ezithile zesuphu, ulandela imiyalelo echazwe kwiphakheji.

Ukuphindaphinda

ISempervivum yanda ngokwahlula izitokhwe entwasahlobo-ehlotyeni. Ukwenza oku, konke okufuneka ukwenze kukuba, ngezikere ezazifakwe iintsholongwane ngotywala ngaphambili, zahlule ngengcambu encinci kwaye uzityale ezimbizeni kunye ne-substrate ekhulayo yendalo exutywe ne-perlite ngokulinganayo.

Emva koko, kufuneka usikhathalele njengesityalo esiqhelekileyo nesiqhelekileyo.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Inqanda ukubanda kunye neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -18ºC, kodwa ubushushu obugqithisileyo (ngaphezulu kwama-38ºC abukufaneli kakuhle.

Isebenzisa ntoni?

Umhlobiso

Kuyinto entle kakhulu. Njengoko isenza iirosette ezingekho mde kakhulu amagqabi, ilungile ekukhuleni kwiimbiza njengemizekelo yohlobo olunye, okanye yokudala iingoma.

Unyango

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ezi zityalo bezisetyenziselwa iipropathi zazo ezichasayo, kunye Unyango ngokuchasene nosulelo olunje nge-otitis, tracheitis, pharyngitis okanye candidiasis. Bakwasebenza ukususa umbona kunye namabala ngokwenza iijusi ngamagqabi.

Ucinga ntoni ngezi zityalo?