mammillaria

Yi magana game da mammillaria shine yin magana akan ɗayan nau'ikan halittu masu yawa na cacti, tare da babu ko ƙasa da wasu nau'ikan karɓa na 350 da aka yarda dasu. Abu mafi ban sha'awa shine, ba wai kawai suna samar da furanni masu nuna ba, amma kusan dukkansu sun dace da girma cikin tukwane.

Kuma na ƙarshe, ba zan iya gaya muku ko sa’a ce ko rashin sa’a ba, saboda, hakika, akwai kowannensu da kyau sosai. San su.

Asali da halaye

Mammillaria cacti ne na cacti na asali zuwa Mexico, kudancin Amurka, Antilles, da kuma yankunan Venezuela. Jinsi ya bayyana ta Carlos Linnaeus a cikin littafinsa Cactus mammillaris a cikin 1753, kuma An halicce su da samun globose ko sifar siliki tare da girman da ya fito daga 1 zuwa 40cm a tsayi da 1 zuwa 20cm a diamita. 

Ba su da haƙarƙari kamar sauran cacti, amma suna da zobba, siliki, pyramidal ko tarin fuka wanda ake kira mamilas. Theunƙun, doguwa ko gajere, madaidaiciya ko ƙugiya, sun toho ne daga tsibirin, waɗanda za a iya rufe su da ulu ko bristle.

Furannin galibi suna toho tare da jikin murtsunguwar, kusan kamar suna son ƙirƙirar kambi, kuma su kanana ne, masu launuka daga fari zuwa ruwan hoda zuwa ja. Kuma fruita fruitan itacen shine duniyan duniyan duniyan dunƙule ko elongated, ja mai haske, kore ko fari, mai 1-3auke da ruwan browna XNUMX-XNUMXan XNUMX-XNUMXmm ko baƙar fata.

Babban nau'in

Rubutawa game da fiye da nau'ikan 300 da ke akwai zai ba mu littafi 🙂, don haka zan gaya muku waɗanda suka fi shahara:

Mammillaria bombycina

Yana da lahani ga Aguascalientes da Jalisco a Mexico. Jikinta globose ne, mai tsayin 20cm kuma diamita na 6cm Daga areolas ya tsiro 30 zuwa 40 radial, tsayayye da siraran kashin baya, da tsakiyar kashin ja mai ƙyalli. Furanni suna ruwan hoda, kusan 2cm a diamita. Yana yawanci ƙungiyoyi.

Mammillaria gracilis

Yanzu ana kiranta Mammillaria vetula. Akwai yanki a cikin jihohin Guanajuato, Hidalgo da Querétaro a Mexico. Ganyensa suna da siffa -siffa ko cylindrical, koren launi kuma tare da tsayin kusan 10cm ta 2cm a diamita.. An rufe areola a cikin ulu kaɗan, ko kuma ba su da komai. Daga garesu yawanci suna toshe ƙafafu 1-2 masu kaifi har zuwa 10mm tsawo, da 11-25 radial spines, lafiya kuma tsayi 3-10mm. Furannin suna da launukan lemun tsami kuma sun auna 1,7cm. Yana girma cikin ƙungiyoyi.

Duba fayil.

Mammillaria hahniana

Tana da sanadin jihar Guanajuato, Querétaro da Tamaulipas a cikin Meziko. Yana da jiki mai siffa irin na duniya kuma yawanci yakan zama ƙungiyoyi. Kowane ɗayan mutum ya kai 9cm tsayi da 10cm a diamita. Daga kowace areola sprout 20 zuwa 30 spines span radial 1,5 cm tsayi wanda yayi kama da fararen gashi, da 1 zuwa 4 guntu da fari fari. Furannin suna da tsawon diamita 2cm, kuma suna shunayya.

Duba fayil.

Mammillaria elongata

Tana da kusanci da jihar Hidalgo, Guanajuato da Querétaro a Mexico. Yana girma girma ko ereasa tsayayye ko ƙanƙan da kai tsaye mai tushe 6-15cm tsayi da 1,5-3,7cm a diamita.. Suna da jiki kore, amma kashin baya rawaya-orange ko rawaya-ja. Furanninta kanana ne, kusan 1cm, rawaya ko fari. Ƙungiyoyin tsari.

Menene damuwarsu?

Idan kana son samun kwafi, muna ba ka shawarar ka kula da shi kamar haka:

Yanayi

Su tsire-tsire ne wanda dole ne su kasance a waje, a rana kai tsaye. Amma a kula, idan ba a taɓa yin irin wannan ba, a saba da shi kaɗan da kaɗan kaɗan a hankali don hana shi ƙonawa.

Tierra

• Tukunyar fure: ba ma nema ba; Yanzu, idan kuna da yashi mai aman wuta (pomx, akadama ko makamancin haka) zai zama ƙasa da ƙarancin tushe idan yana da peat. Amma idan ba za ku iya samun sa ba, ku haɗu da matsakaitan girma na duniya tare da perlite a cikin sassa daidai.
• Aljanna: yana girma a cikin ƙasa mai yashi, tare da magudanan ruwa mai kyau. Kamar yadda tsiron ya yi ƙanƙanta, idan ƙasa da kuke ba ta kasance haka ba, yi rami kusan 40 x 40cm, rufe bangarorinsa da tushe tare da ramin shading sannan ku cika shi da abin da aka ambata a sama.

Watse

Matsakaici zuwa low. A lokacin bazara dole ne ku shayar da shi sau 2 a mako, sauran shekara kuma matsakaicin lokaci 1 kowane kwana 10. Amma yakamata ku ga wannan a matsayin jagorar jagora, ba a matsayin ƙa'idar ƙa'ida ba, tunda idan, alal misali, kuna zaune a yankin da ba a yin ruwan sama sosai kuma yana da zafi sosai, ƙila za ku sha ruwa har sau 3 a cikin bazara kuma har zuwa 2 sauran ..

Don kada a sami matsaloli, duba zafin ƙasa kafin shayarwa. Ana iya yin wannan ta shigar da ƙaramin katako na katako (idan lokacin da kuka cire shi yana fitowa tare da ƙasa mai ɗorawa da yawa, kar ku sha ruwa), ko yin la'akari da tukunya sau ɗaya an shayar da shi kuma bayan 'yan kwanaki (wannan bambancin nauyi zai taimaka kun san lokacin yin ruwa).

Kuma af, kar a taba dasa shi a kwantena ba tare da ramuka ba ko sanya plate a karkashin sa, saboda yin hakan zai ruɓe. Kuma bai kamata ku shayar da shi a sama ba, saboda wannan dalili kuma saboda yana iya ƙonewa da rana.

Mai Talla

A lokacin bazara da bazara tare da takamaiman takin gargajiya don kakakus, bin alamomin da aka ƙayyade akan kunshin. Hakanan zaka iya tare da takin mai magani, kamar shudi nitrophoska, kara karamin cokali biyu ko biyu duk kwana 15.

Yawaita

Mammillaria ninka ta tsaba kuma, wasu nau'in, ta rarrabuwa mai tushe a bazara-bazara. Bari mu san yadda za a ci gaba a kowane yanayi:

Tsaba

Mataki-mataki don bi shi ne kamar haka:

1. Na farko, cika tray tare da ramuka - ƙanana - tare da peat baƙar fata wanda aka cakuda da perlite, kuma a jiƙa shi da fesa / atomizer.
2. Bayan haka, shuka iri a farfajiya, tabbatar da an raba su kaɗan.
3. Sannan a rufe su da yashi mai aman wuta sosai.
4. ZABI (duk da cewa an ba da shawarar): yanzu yayyafa sulfur mai ƙanshi, kamar kuna ƙara gishiri a cikin salatin, saboda haka guje wa bayyanar fungi.
5. A ƙarshe, sanya tiren kusa da tushen zafi da kuma cikin wuri mai haske amma an kiyaye shi daga rana kai tsaye.

Kiyaye substrate koyaushe gumi - ba ruwa ba - za su tsiro cikin kimanin makonni biyu.

Yankan

Don ninka Mammillaria ta hanyar raba mai tushe, kawai sai a yanke guda da wuka mai ɗauke da cutar da aka sha a bara da magungunan barasa, bari raunin ya bushe a cikin inuwar rabi na mako guda sannan a dasa shi a cikin tukunya tare da yashi mai aman wuta wanda za mu jiƙa tare da sprayer.

Kare shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye, zai fitar da asalin sa bayan sati 2 ko 3.

Annoba da cututtuka

Yana iya shafar:

• Mealybugs: mafi yawan auduga, amma suna iya zama nau'in limpet. An yaƙe su da ƙasa mai diatomaceous (kashi ɗaya shine 35g a kowace lita na ruwa), ko tare da takamaiman kwari.
• Mollusks (katantanwa da slugs): waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi basu damu da ƙaya ba. A lokacin damina sun bayyana suna ciyar da duk abin da zasu iya, gami da cacti. Ana yaƙar su da molluscicides, giya ko ta hanyar ɗaukarsu da ɗaukar su har zuwa yiwu daga shuke-shuke.
  Wata hanyar kuma ita ce ta kare wadannan albarkatun tare da gidan sauro (duka bangarorin biyu da sama, kamar dai wani nau'in greenhouse ne).
• Namomin kaza: Idan ambaliyar ruwa tayi yawa saiwar tayi laushi kuma saiwar ta yi laushi. Dole ne ku sarrafa haɗarin kuma ku bi da kayan gwari.

Shuka lokaci ko dasawa

A lokacin bazara. Idan akwai shi a cikin tukunya, dasa shi kowane shekara biyu ko uku.

Rusticity

Ya dogara sosai da nau'in, amma daga gogewa zan gaya muku cewa dusar ƙanƙara mai rauni (har zuwa -2ºC) ba ta cutar da su muddin gajeru ne kuma masu zuwa.

Me kuka yi tunani game da Mammillaria?