INopal (iOpuntia)

Isini I-Opuntia Kulula ukuyichonga, ngamagqabi ayo aguquliweyo akhangeleka ngathi ziirakethi, kwaye ngameva alo, angenakuba mahle kuphela kodwa enobungozi kwaye / okanye, ubuncinci, ayacaphukisa.

Kwaye ukuba ukubamba ngokulula kunokwanela ukuba uphele ngokumba okumbalwa kulusu, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba kunjalo izityalo ezinomdla kakhulu kwigadi okanye embizeni 😉.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Yaziwa ngokuba yi-nopal, prickly pear okanye i-opuntia, uhlobo lwezityalo lwenziwe ngaphezulu kwe-300 yeentlobo zemveli ukusuka emazantsi e-United States ukuya ePatagonia. Ubungakanani bayo buphakathi kwe-30-35cm kunye ne-5 yeemitha ukuphakama. Ziyakhula njengezihlahla ezinamagqabi ezinamagqabi okanye amacandelo abizwa ngokuba yi-cladode, athe tyaba kwaye ahlala emile okweqanda.. Ii-areoles zincinci, kwaye iintlobo ezintle kakhulu zihluma kuzo, kananjalo, kwezinye iintlobo, ubude obude nobunzima ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10cm ubude.

Iintyatyambo zinkulu, zinemibala eqaqambileyo ukusuka kumbala otyheli ukuya kumbala omfusa, oorenji nobomvu. Nje ukuba zifumane ipoleni, zivelisa iziqhamo, eziyi-globose okanye i-ovoid, kwaye iphakathi ko-3 no-5 cm ubude, ibomvu krwe okanye iorenji xa igqiba ukukhula. Ngaphakathi iqulethe imbewu encinci emnyama.

Iintlobo eziphambili

Ukuthetha ngazo zonke ezikhoyo kunokusithatha ixesha elide, kangangokuba sinokwenza ibhlog yazo nje 🙂, ke ngoko, siza kukwazisa kwezona zidumileyo, ezo ziya kuba lula kuwe ukufumana kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana:

I-Opuntia ficus-indica

Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-palera, ityhuna, ipear prickly, nopal okanye umkhiwane, sisihlahla esivela eMexico ifikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezili-5. Amacandelo ayo aneentsiba ezomeleleyo ezinde kwaye ivelisa iintyatyambo ezityheli okanye bomvu entwasahlobo. Iziqhamo ziyatyiwa, zilinganiswa ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-11cm kunye nobunzima obuphakathi kwama-43 nama-220 eegram.

Ithathelwa ingqalelo njengezilwanyana ezingenelelayo, kodwa ubunini bayo kunye nokulinywa kwayo kuvunyelwe njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufanelekile ebantwini ukuba nje ayiziswanga kwindalo.

Amagama asamkelwa ngokwenzululwazi I-Opuntia vulgaris, opuntia maxima, kwaye ICactus Opuntia izithetha-ntonye.

opuntia humifusa

Sisityalo esirhubuluzayo esivela eMntla Melika ifikelela kubude obumalunga neesentimitha ezingama-20, enamacandelo acabaleleyo kunye neentsiba ezi-2 ukuya kwi-3cm ubude. Iintyatyambo zawo zimthubi, kwaye isiqhamo sibomvu, siyatyiwa.

Ii-microdasys ze-Opuntia

Izalelwa kumbindi nakumantla eMexico, kwaye ikhula njengehlathi le-1-1,5 leemitha. Amacandelo makhulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15cm ubude, i-oval okanye i-oval-elongated nge-areoles ethe tyaba. Ivelisa iintyatyambo ezityheli.

Ijongeka kakhulu njenge opuntia rufida, Kodwa eyokugqibela luhlobo lwasentla ngakumbi kwaye ineglochids ebomvu ebomvu-okt.

Unolwazi ngakumbi malunga Ii-microdasys ze-Opuntia kwikhonkco.

opuntia monacantha

Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-urumbeba, inkuni yesundu, okanye imonducuru, luhlobo lwe-shrubby 2 ukuya kwi-6 yeemitha ukuphakama i-Argentina, iBrazil, iParaguay kunye neUruguay. Amagqabi amile okweqanda, kwaye imiphetho yodwa iyadubula kwi-areoles yazo okanye ngambini nge-1 ukuya kwi-6 cm ubude, imhlophe okanye imdaka ngombala. Iintyatyambo zityheli okanye bomvu, kwaye iziqhamo zi-ovoid, zibomvu kwaye zi-5-8cm ubude.

I-Opuntia stricta

Eyaziwa njenge-cactus enqabileyo engaselunxwemeni, luhlobo lwendalo eMexico, eUnited States naseCuba, ikhula njengesihlahlana esirhubuluzayo, esinameva ukuya kuma kwi-50cm ubude. Ivelisa iintyatyambo zeorenji kunye neziqhamo ezibomvu.

Luhlobo olungenelelayo; eneneni, ifakiwe kwiKhathalogu ye 100 ezizezona zinobungozi emhlabeni, weManyano yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoLondolozo lweNdalo.

Yintoni ukhathalelo luka-Opuntia?

Ukuba ufuna ukuba nekopi, sicebisa ukuba uyikhathalele ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ubicación

Zizityalo ekufuneka zibenjalo ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo. Kodwa ke lumka, ukuba bebeyikhusele, yisebenzise kancinci kancinci ukuyithintela ukuba ingatshi.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Ungasebenzisa indawo yokukhula yendawo yonke exutywe ne-50% ye-perlite.
• Jadini: Ikhula kwimihlaba enekalori, enomsele olungileyo. Ihlala kakuhle kwabo bahlwempuzekileyo kwizakhamzimba.

Unkcenkceshelo

Unkcenkceshelo kufuneka kunqabile. Umhlaba okanye i-substrate kufuneka ivunyelwe ukuba yome phakathi kokunkcenkceshela, Ngokupheleleyo, kuba esoyika ukudibana kwamanzi. Ukuhamba rhoqo kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu kunye nexesha lonyaka, kodwa ukukunika umbono, kuyacetyiswa ukuba unkcenkceshele umyinge wamatyeli ama-1 okanye ama-2 ngeveki ehlotyeni, kwaye zonke iintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-15 kulo lonke unyaka.

Ukuba unayo emhlabeni, iyakwanela ukuyinkcenkceshela unyaka wokuqala, kuba ukusukela kowesibini iya kuba iphuhlise inkqubo yengcambu eyomelele ngokwaneleyo ukumelana neenyanga ezininzi zembalela (kwindawo endihlala kuyo, malunga ne-350mm iwela unyaka, entwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo, sineenyanga ezi-4-6 zembalela kwaye iiOpuntias ezisemhlabeni zikhula ngolonwabo).

Umbhalisi

Akukho mfuneko ingako, kodwa ngexesha lasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni ungadibanisa izichumisi eziphilayo, ezinjengexolo lamaqebelengwane amaqanda neebhanana. Ukuba unayo embizeni kwaye / okanye awunanjongo zokutya iziqhamo zayo, sebenzisa izichumisi ezithile ze-cacti, ulandela imiyalelo echazwe kwiphakheji.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ukuphindaphindwa kwe-opuntia yenziwa nokuba yimbewu okanye ngokusikwa kwamacandelo / amagqabi entlakohlaza-ehlotyeni. Inkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Imbewu

1. Okokuqala, imbiza izaliswe kukukhula okuphakathi kwaye kunkcenkceshelwa.
2. Iimbewu ke zibekwa ngaphezulu, zize zigutyungelwe ngumaleko omncinci we-substrate.
3. Emva koko kunkcenkceshelwa kwakhona, ngeli xesha ngesitshizi.
4. Okokugqibela, ibekwe ngaphandle, kwilanga ngqo.

Ukugcina i-substrate ifumile-kungabi manzi-ziya kuhluma malunga neeveki ezimbini.

Ukusika

Yeyona ndlela ilula kwaye ikhawulezayo yokufumana iisampulu ezintsha, kuba kufuneka usike igqabi kuphela, yeka inxeba lome iveki kumthunzi omnyama kwaye emva koko ulityale embizeni kunye nokukhula okuphakathi.

Ke, iya kukhupha iingcambu zayo ngexesha elifutshane, iiveki ezingama-2-3.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

Ngentwasahlobo, xa umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile. Ukuba unayo embizeni, yitshintshele yonke iminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokukhula kwayo.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

Inzima kakhulu; nangona kunjalo, mealybugs kunye isineyile Banokukwenzakalisa kakhulu.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Iya kuxhomekeka kwindidi, kodwa ngokubanzi iyabuchasa ubuthathaka kunye neqabaka ezithile ukuya kuthi ga -3 ° C.

Zisebenzisa ntoni?

Umhlobiso

I-Opuntia yicacti yokuhombisa kakhulu, kangangokuba zihlala zifumaneka ngokulula kwingqokelela. Kodwa kwakhona, ngokokutsho kweziphi iindawo ezisetyenziswayo njengothango olukhuselayo.

Ukutya

Omabini amacandelo amancinci kunye neziqhamo ziyatyiwa:

• Amacandelo: EMexico zisetyenziselwa ukulungisa isaladi ye-nopales, ene-coriander kunye netyuwa.
• Iziqhamo: zinokutyiwa ziluhlaza, okanye zisetyenziselwe ukwenza iisosi, iilekese kunye ne-ayisi khrim.

Ixabiso laso lesondlo ngokweegram ezili-100 ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• IiCarbohydrate: 9,6g
  • Ifayibha: 3,6g
• Amafutha: 0,5g
• Iiprotheni: 2,5g
• Vitamin A: 25?
• Vitamin B2: 0,1mg
• Vitamin B3: 0,5mg
• Vitamin B6: 0,1mg
• Vitamin C: 0,1mg
• Vitamin E: 0mg
• ICalcium: 56mg
• Intsimbi: 0,3mg
• Magnesium: 85mg
• IPhosphorus: 24mg
• Potassium: 220mg
• Isodiyam: 0,1mg

Amayeza

I-Opuntia ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukukhwehlela, i-migraines, kunye neentloko.

Ucinga ntoni ngezi cacti? Unayo?