La I-Opuntia ficus-indica Kuyi-cactus eyi-shrubby engakhula ngokushesha okukhulu noma ngabe isimo sezulu somile nenhlabathi iphansi kwezakhamzimba. Ngalesi sizathu, ngesinye sezitshalo esezihlasele emazweni amaningi, ikakhulukazi eningizimu yeSpain.
Kepha lokhu akudingeki ukuthi kube ukuphazamiseka, hhayi okubi kakhulu okungenani. Inokusetshenziswa okuningana ku-gastronomy, yingakho ukulinywa kwayo kuvunyelwe ezindaweni ezithile.
Umsuka nezimpawu ze I-Opuntia ficus-indica
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Diego Delso
La I-Opuntia ficus-indica i-cactus eyi-shrubby eyezinhlobo zohlanga I-Opuntia. Ivela eMexico, yize ingatholakala emathafeni aseningizimu yeCanada kuya eStrait of Magellan (eningizimu yeChile). Kwethulwa eYurophu phakathi kwekhulu le-XNUMX nele-XNUMX, yilabo ababebizwa ngokuthi ngabanqobi baseSpain.
Kubonakala ngokufinyelela ukuphakama cishe kwamamitha ama-5. Ayinawo amaqabunga kanjalo, kepha inezingxenye ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-cladode noma izingongolo ezicabalele, ezi-oval, neziluhlaza.. Izinhlobo ezimbili zomqolo zihluma kuma-areolas azo: aphakathi nendawo amade futhi anzima, kanti ayizimbudumbudu acole kakhulu futhi amafushane. Lezi zokugcina yizo ezibamba kalula esikhunjeni kanye / noma ezingubeni ngokuthinta nje.
Ngokuqondene nezimbali, zihluma phezulu ezigabeni, kanye ngonyaka, futhi ziphuzi noma zibomvu. Isithelo lesi sijikijolo esinesimo esiseqanda futhi ulinganisa cishe amasentimitha angu-5-7 ububanzi ngamasentimitha angu-5-11 ubude.
Kuyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-pala, i-prickly pear, i-palera, noma ikhiwane eliphakathi kwe-prickly, futhi ingenye ye-cacti engasetshenziswa kakhulu.
Yini okungasetshenziselwa ipheya eliyigugu?
Ipheya elibabayo iyi-cactus ekhula ngokushesha esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokwesibonelo:
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Gastronomic
Kunjalo ke. Kuyisitshalo esidliwayo. Izingxenye ezincane zingadliwa kumasaladi; Y izithelo zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengama-dessert, kanye nokulungisa izingcezu neziphuzo. Lezi zinambitheka emnandi kakhulu, futhi zingadliwa zintsha ngaphandle kwenkinga.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha
Amapheya angama-prickly, njengoba aziwa eSpain, ayizithelo ze- I-Opuntia ficus-indica, futhi anomsoco kakhulu. Ziqukethe amavithamini A, C, B1, B2, no-B3, kanye ne-calcium, i-iron, i-phosphorus ne-zinc. Ngokwalesi sizathu, Kuyathakazelisa ukuwafaka ekudleni ngoba kuzosisiza ukuba nesistimu yomzimba enamandla.
Ngokuqondene nezingxenye, uma zintsha futhi zifudunyezwa kuhhavini, khona-ke zingasetshenziswa njengezikhwepha. Ukwenza lokhu, ama-poultices enziwa abekwe endaweni edingekayo uma esevunyelwe ukupholisa kancane.
abanye
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwepheya elihlabayo yile:
- Kuzimonyo: imikhiqizo yokwenza yenziwe ngayo.
- Ikhonza i- phakamisa ama-mealybugs abomvu (igama lesayensi: I-Dactylopius coccus, elondla ubisi lwawo. Ngokwenza njalo, kutholakala udayi osetshenziswa njengombala.
- Esikhathini esedlule besisetshenziswa njengethoyizi, kuhlanganiswa izingxenye ezimbili eziyindilinga ngezinduku.
- Okwamanje, Itholakala kuzo zombili ifulegi nezingubo zaseMexico.
Kungani kungenelela?
La I-Opuntia ficus-indica uhlobo olukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, okuyi ikwazile ukwenziwa imvelo ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseMedithera. Lapho, amazinga okushisa amancane, afudumele ehlobo, nezimvula ezivame ukuna kuphela entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kunika isitshalo lokho esikudingayo ukuze sikhule.
Okungezwe kulokhu iqiniso lokuthi lapho ingxenye iwela phansi, ngokushesha iyazinza futhi iqale ukukhula. Futhi lokhu kuyinkinga yezitshalo zomdabu, ezivame ukukhula kancane. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuthi kwenziwe okuthile ukukuvimbela, isifanekiso esisodwa sepheya elibabayo singagcina sonakalise imvelo yendawo ethile.
Ngalesi sizathu, kusukela ngo-2013 ifakiwe kukhathalogu yaseSpain Yezinhlobo Ezihlasela Izinto Ezingajwayelekile, enegama I-Opuntia maxima Miller, okungenye yamagama afanayo we I-Opuntia ficus-indica. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukutholakala kwayo, ithrafikhi, ezokuthutha kanye nokufakwa kwayo emvelweni akuvunyelwe.
Yize kukhona okuhlukile. Njengoba kuyadliwa, eSpain kuvunyelwe ukuyikhulisa inqobo nje uma ingafakwanga endaweni yemvelo futhi ilawulwa.
Yini ukunakekelwa kwe-cactus?
Ukubheka lokhu esisanda kukusho, sizokutshela ukuthi ifayili le- I-Opuntia ficus-indica ukuze ukwazi ukuba kahle. Kepha okokuqala, sifuna ukugcizelela ukuthi ngeke kulibaleke ukuthi luhlobo olunamandla okuhlasela, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nalo endaweni esazi ukuthi ngeke ludale umonakalo.
- Indawo: kufanele uyibeke ngaphandle, ukuze ikwazi ukukhanyisa ilanga ngqo.
- Inhlabathi noma i-substrate: ayinandaba, kepha kufanele imunce amanzi ngokushesha.
- Ukunisela: uma ifakwa ebhodweni, izoniselwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ishiye i-substrate yomile ngaphambi kokuyinisela futhi; kepha uma isensimini kuzodingeka ukhathazeke ngayo unyaka wokuqala.
- Izihlahla: ungayithena entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, kepha qaphela ameva ayo.
- Izinambuzane: ama-mealybugs ayizinambuzane ezenza umonakalo omkhulu, kepha asuswa ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous (uyathengiswa lapha) noma nge-anti-mealybug (kuyathengiswa lapha). Kufanele futhi unake i- iminenke.
- Isibindi: imelana nesithwathwa size sifike ku -5ºC.
Kuthiwani nge- I-Opuntia ficus-indica?